摘要

Objectives: Study off label use of neurotoxins in aesthetic enhancement Introduction: In the 1970s, scientists started using botulinum toxin to treat strabismus (i.e., crossed eyes). While testing this treatment on monkeys, researchers noticed that botulinum toxin reduced wrinkles in the glabella.Later through expanded research into aesthetic uses Allergan later commenced clinical trials to study the treatment's safety and efficacy for moderate to severe frown lines. Materials / method: Botulinum toxin, the most potent of the neurotoxins, produces paralysis by blocking presynaptic release of the neurotransmitter (acetylcholine) at the neuromuscular junction, with reversible chemical denervation of the muscle fibre, thereby inducing partial paralysis and atrophy. Results: BOTOX® Cosmetic is the first and only product of its kind that's FDA-approved treatment for the temporary improvement in the appearance of moderate to severe forehead lines, frown lines, and crow's feet in adult patients. Xeomin was FDA-approved in 2010 to not only treat glabellar lines, or fine lines, but also a number of other conditions. As a cosmetic treatment, Xeomin can help temporarily get rid of frown lines, forehead lines, and crow's feet around the eyes. Dysport (AbobotulinumtoxinA) Now FDA Approved for temporary improvement in the appearance of moderate to severe glabellar Conclusion: Other than the approved indications there are few off label aesthetic indications of Botulinum toxin *To relax the masseter muscle by limiting its movement. Once injected, the muscle can stop working so hard and exerting so much pressure. You will still be able to chew, move your jaw, and make normal facial expressions after your treatment. *Nefertiti Neck Lift .It specifically targets the neck and jawline for a rejuvenating and lifting effect. *For focal hyperhidrosis. Botox injections use botulinum toxin to block the nerve signals responsible for sweating