摘要

Objectives: To increase awareness about rare complications of CO₂ vaginal laser tightening in autoimmune patients, including the risk of inducing mucosal ulcers mimicking Behçet’s disease. Introduction: CO₂ vaginal laser tightening is widely used in aesthetic gynecology. In autoimmune patients, however, mucosal injury may trigger systemic immune reactions that resemble new autoimmune syndromes, raising diagnostic and safety concerns. Materials / method: A 33-year-old woman with stable systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) on hydroxychloroquine underwent CO₂ vaginal tightening. Within days, she developed painful ulcers in the oral cavity, outer vulva, cervix, introitus, although treatment was limited to the vagina. Results: The ulcers clinically resembled Behçet’s disease but resolved spontaneously within one month without recurrence. This pattern did not fulfill diagnostic criteria for Behçet’s, suggesting an immune-mediated mucosal reaction triggered by laser trauma in a predisposed patient. Conclusion: CO₂ vaginal laser tightening may provoke systemic mucosal ulcerations in autoimmune patients, mimicking Behçet’s disease. Careful screening, counseling, and post-procedure monitoring are essential to reduce risk and ensure patient safety.