摘要

Objectives: The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of smoking and e-smoking on aging processes and the efficacy of rejuvenation treatments. We aim to elucidate the biochemical pathways affected by these habits and analyze how they hinder overall skin health and regenerative treatments Introduction: Aging is a complex biological process influenced by genetics, environment, and lifestyle choices. Among these, smoking, both traditional and electronic, has been shown to promote premature aging through various mechanisms, including oxidative stress and inflammation. Traditional smoking exposes the body to numerous harmful toxins, while e-smoking introduces different, yet equally detrimental, chemicals. This paper seeks to understand how these forms of nicotine consumption not only accelerate the aging process but also interfere with the success of rejuvenation treatments, thereby highlighting Materials / method: A systematic review was conducted using databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus to gather peer-reviewed articles focusing on the effects of smoking and e-smoking on skin aging and rejuvenation treatments. Both clinical studies and laboratory research were included, with a focus on studies exploring oxidative stress markers, inflammatory responses, and the outcomes of various rejuvenation therapies in smokers versus non-smokers. Data were analyzed to conclude the overall impact of these habits on skin health and treatment efficacy. Results: The analysis revealed that both smoking and e-smoking are associated with increased levels of oxidative stress markers and inflammation, leading to significant skin damage characterized by loss of elasticity, dullness, and the formation of wrinkles. Rejuvenation treatments, including chemical peels, laser therapy, and injectables, demonstrated reduced effectiveness in individuals with a history of smoking, as these treatments were less able to promote collagen production and skin regeneration compared to non-smokers. Notably, cessation of smoking showed marked improvements in treatment outcome Conclusion: The findings underscore the detrimental effects of both smoking and e-smoking on skin aging and the efficacy of rejuvenation treatments. Given these impacts, it is crucial for aesthetic doctors to incorporate smoking cessation programs as an integral part of any rejuvenation strategy. Future research should continue to explore the full range of mechanisms through which these habits affect aging to inform more comprehensive and effective treatment plans.