Objectives: A full understanding of facial muscle anatomy and activity for facial expression is necessary for correct usage of botulinum neurotoxins for cosmetic use. Specific activities of facial muscle action will be reviewed including:
• Elevators and depressors for the upper face- brow positioning, eyelid elevation and ptosis
• Mid and lower face muscles for treatment of
o Bunny lines
o Nasal tip elevation
o Gummy smile
o Cheek contouring with masseter muscles
o Mentalis and chin contour
o Nefertiti lift
o Platysma and neck correction
Muscle location and treatment will be reviewed.
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请注明名称(个人,公司,学会等等): 1. Allergan Corporation • Consultant and Clinical Investigator 2. Revance • Consultant and Clinical Investigator 3. Galderma • Consultant and Clinical Investigator 4. Merz • Consultant and Clinical Investigator 5. Suneva • Consultant and Clinical Investigator 6. Teoxane • Clinical Investigator 7. CROMA • Clinical Investigator 8. Evolus • Clinical Investigator 9. Sienna Pharmaceuticals • Clinical Investigator
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