Black peel in facial dermatoses.
Jun,
2018
Melasma (facial dermatoses) is an acquired chronic disorder of hyperpigmentation over sun exposed parts and continues to be a therapeutic challenge due to the presence of melanin at varying depths in the epidermis and dermis, and many researchers are working hard to find a solution. The main culprit to remain is direct sun exposure, with other factors like drugs, genetic predisposition, thyroid abnormalities, pregnancy, phototoxic and photoallergic cosmetics. Melasma continues to have a remarkable impact on the well-being of affected patients causing deep psychological and social anguish, and with the expansi…
Journal of cosmetic dermatology
Tinea Capitis in Children and Trichoscopic Criteria.
2017
Tinea capitis is the most common pediatric superficial dermatophyte infection. The causative species vary, as for instance, Microsporum canis predominates in Europe, while Trichophyton tonsurans predominates in North America. Tinea capitis does not respond well to topical therapy alone, thus oral therapy is requisite. The drug of choice is griseofulvin; however in some countries, it is no longer available. Fungal culture should be requested in the persistent, scalp lesion and trichoscopy can put forward a speedy diagnosis by its characteristic findings. Scalp dermoscopy or "trichoscopy" represents a valuable, noninvasi…
International journal of trichology
Idiopathic hirsutism: excessive bodily and facial hair in women.
2008
Hirsutism is the excessive and increased bodily and facial hair growth in women in locations where hair is normally minimal or absent. It refers to the growth of hair in a pattern normally occurring only in men, and therefore primarily raises psychological, cosmetic and social concerns. Idiopathic hirsutism (IH), where the cause of excessive hair growth is unknown, is considered to be the most common form of hirsutism. It is suspected that this type of hirsutism may be familial, as there is often a family history of the condition. Women with IH will generally have normal menses and normal levels of testosterone. There are many treatment modalities that fall into two broad groups: medical and mechanical treatment. An example of a medical treatment is when an agent is used, which interferes with the synthesis of androgen at the ovarian or adrenal level, or by inhibiting the effect of androgen at the receptor level. An example of a mechanical treatment is laser hair removal, where the hair follicle is destroyed; however, much depends on the on the skill of the treating practitioner, laser type, laser spot size, skin type, hair colour, and the stage at which the hair follicles were during their hair growth cycle, and the delivered wavelength. Laser offers the fastest method of hair loss. Other mechanical treatments include electrolysis, depilatory creams, plucking and waxing. This article presents a general overview of IH, including a definition, diagnostic measures, clinical manifestations, normal and abnormal physiology, and treatment options. Ler mais
British journal of nursing (Mark Allen Publishing)
Polycystic ovary syndrome and female reproduction.
2007
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. The presentation is diverse. There is no single, unified definition of PCOS, no single diagnostic test and no consensus on the diagnostic criteria. Currently, PCOS is most commonly defined by the 2003 Rotterdam criteria, which requires at least two of three features for diagnosis--chronic anovulation, clinical and/or biochemical signs of hyperandrogenism, or polycystic ovaries. The aetiology is unknown, but the principal underlying disorder is thought to be reduced insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissue, and hence hyperinsulinaemia (high levels of insulin in the blood). Some affected women may have hyperandrogenism and polycystic ovaries with normal ovulatory function; however, like women with classic PCOS, they still have an increased risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular events. Some women with PCOS have no symptoms or signs and live a normal life with normal childbearing status, but it is very difficult to predict which cases will follow this pattern. It is important to investigate women with menstrual irregularity when they first present, because they might have mild PCOS, which could otherwise be missed. It is therefore essential to educate the public, nurses and other healthcare professionals to identify affected women, so that strategies can be put in place to avoid or minimize the complications and consequences of PCOS. Ler mais
British journal of nursing (Mark Allen Publishing)
