Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the regenerative effects of PDLLA (Juvelook volume) skin booster injections, particularly focusing on adipogenesis in the facial fat layer of thin female patients. We assessed changes in fat thickness by ultrasound imaging and analyzed the expression of stem cell markers (CD31, CD34, CD166, CD26) to understand the underlying mechanisms. The objective is to demonstrate PDLLA's potential not only for dermal rejuvenation but also for adipose tissue regeneration, providing scientific evidence through histological and immunohistochemical analysis.
Introduction: Poly-D,L-lactic acid (PDLLA) fillers have been widely used for collagen stimulation and skin rejuvenation. Recent clinical observations suggest that PDLLA may also enhance adipogenesis, contributing to increased fat layer thickness and tissue resilience. However, the biological mechanisms underlying these effects remain underexplored. This study investigates the structural and cellular changes after Juvelook PDLLA injection, focusing on histological remodeling and the upregulation of key stem cell markers involved in adipogenesis and angiogenesis.
Materials / method: A total of 25 thin female patients received Juvelook volume skin booster injections. The left and right facial areas were treated uniformly. Ultrasound measurements of subcutaneous fat thickness were performed at baseline and three months post-injection. Skin and fat tissue samples were collected for histological examination. Immunohistochemical staining was conducted to assess the expression levels of CD31, CD34, CD166, and CD26. Quantitative analyses compared the pre- and post-treatment findings to evaluate adipogenesis and vascular changes.
Results: Ultrasound analysis revealed a significant increase in subcutaneous fat thickness three months after PDLLA injection. Histological evaluation showed improved fat tissue architecture and fibroblast activation. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated a marked upregulation of CD31, CD34, CD166, and CD26 expression compared to baseline, suggesting enhanced angiogenesis, stem cell activation, and adipogenic differentiation. These findings collectively support the role of PDLLA in promoting both dermal and adipose tissue regeneration.
Conclusion: This study provides the first clinical and histological evidence that PDLLA (Juvelook volume) not only stimulates collagen production but also enhances adipogenesis in thin patients. Increased expression of stem cell markers CD31, CD34, CD166, and CD26 supports the mechanism of adipose tissue regeneration. PDLLA skin booster treatment could therefore represent a novel strategy for achieving volumization and skin rejuvenation simultaneously. Further research is warranted to validate long-term outcomes and optimize treatment protocols.
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