Objectives: The aims of the study was to learn the stem cells possibilities in plastic surgery. The authors tries to estimate the effects of stem cells injection during skin rejuvenation, tissue deffect restoration, neyropraxia treatment, tissue prelamination.
Introduction: Autologous cell medicine substances, growth factors help us to cure the tissue dystrophy, aging, to compensate defects in a case of reconstruction in modern plastic surgery.The team of specialists in plastic surgery and regenerative medicine uses active elements of adipose tissue, dermis, blood to produce and cultivate autologous regenerative products.
Materials / method: Postnatal multipotent stem cells were isolated from a skin, by biopsy. Stromal-vascular fraction cells were got from 30-50 ml of lipoaspirate. All cell cultures have been cultivated in conditions of low oxygen (5%). We use our own original expansion protocols in humanized storage for cell cultivation. We have been used the cultivated postnatal multipotent stem cells (up to the 5th passage), derivatives of the neural crest, to treat the temporal and marginal branches of the facial nerve deficit of in the patient after face-lift. We have been used the ability to multilineage differentiation, including Schwann cells and the production of a large spectrum of growth factors: bFGF, VEGF,NGF, BDNF, GDNF, NT-3. Multipotent stem cells,VSF were used to stimulate the regenerative purposes of skin in patients with scars and aging of the face skin. We have been provide the usage of adipose cells in an experiment study for the cartilage tissue defects repair. All the evaluation of the studies results were carried out using histology.
Results: We had got positive results in all the cases of using stem cells. The microscopic pictures of the experimental study showed an effective replacement of the cartilage defect in 11 cases in comparison with the control group of defects, where adipose cells were not used. Skin histology of the 3 patients revealed significant changes in skin structure after intradermal administration of cultivated stem cells in the suspension of platelet poor plasma as a carrier. The significant skin changes, collagen-elastin percentage, cell layer formation, matrix filling were observed during hystology findings, compared with the controls. We had been observed (1 case) the full restoration of facial deficit, neyropraxia, in the 20 days after the local administration of cultured stem cells (neural crest derivatives) with neurotrophins suspension, in compared with low effect of the traditional cure.
Conclusion: The data, obtained in the experiment should be implemented in a clinical trial. The effectiveness of regenerative technologies should be evaluated by histological studies of tissues, although this is difficult in the clinic. The usage of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells, endothelial cells, their cultivation, growth factors in the plastic surgery have a huge perspective in complex cases of dystrophy, defects, aging tissues.
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