摘要

Objectives: To explore the structural and functional properties of hyaluronic acid (HA) and its role in medical and aesthetic applications. To explore how HA compares to polynucleotides (PNs) in clinical applications. To assess the benefits and potential of HA-based therapies, both alone and in combination with PNs. Introduction: Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a naturally occurring glycosaminoglycan that plays a critical role in maintaining tissue hydration, elasticity, and extracellular matrix integrity. Widely used in regenerative medicine and dermatology, HA is known for its biocompatibility, hydrophilic properties, and capacity to stimulate collagen production. In comparison, polynucleotides (PNs), derived from DNA or RNA fragments, promote cell proliferation, tissue repair, and anti-inflammatory responses. HA remains a foundational biomolecule useful from improvement of skin texture to medical volumization and lifting. Materials / method: Review of outcomes from HA-based therapies, including skin rejuvenation and dermal fillers with different rheological properties, compared to or combined with PNs Assessment of hydration, anti-inflammatory effects, and cellular repair mechanisms of HA versus PN treatments. Results: Hyaluronic Acid demonstrated exceptional hydration and elasticity restoration, with superior volumizing effects in dermal filler applications. Clinical studies highlighted its role in enhancing extracellular matrix support, stimulating fibroblasts, and improving skin texture. Evidence from combined treatments revealed synergistic benefits, including improved skin elasticity, prolonged hydration, and faster wound healing. Conclusion: Hyaluronic acid remains the gold standard for hydration, volumizing, and extracellular matrix support in aesthetic medicine. Its unique properties enable broad applications, from dermal fillers to biostimolation. While polynucleotides add regenerative and anti-inflammatory capabilities, HA’s versatility and biocompatibility establish it as a cornerstone also in regenerative medicine. Combination therapies leveraging both HA and PNs offer a promising approach for enhancing patient outcomes, warranting further research to optimize their use.