摘要

Objectives: To review current evidence on the safety of hair product ingredients and to provide practical guidance on safer cosmetic choices, including vegan and organic alternatives, for different patient populations. Introduction: The toxicity and potential carcinogenicity of hair dyes and other hair product ingredients have been a subject of ongoing scientific debate. Over the past decades, numerous toxicological studies and regulatory warnings have raised concerns regarding the safety of these products, not only for human health but also for environmental sustainability. These concerns are particularly relevant for vulnerable populations, including pregnant and breastfeeding women, children, and patients with inflammatory scalp disorders. Materials / method: This lecture reviews the most relevant and recent studies on ingredients used in hair products, focusing on their safety concerns, and provides practical guidance on safer options for patients. Results: Current evidence indicates that several ingredients in hair dyes, chemical straighteners, and shampoos raise safety concerns, particularly regarding sensitization, endocrine disruption, and long-term exposure. Vulnerable populations may be more susceptible, while selected vegan and organic formulations demonstrate a more favorable safety profile. Conclusion: Hair product safety requires a cautious, evidence-based approach. The recommendation of safer alternatives—including vegan and organic products—may help reduce toxicological and environmental risks, particularly in high-risk populations, while maintaining cosmetic efficacy.