外泌体增强型聚乳酸治疗

目标: To demonstrate how poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) and a hybrid extracellular vesicle (EV) formulation exert complementary effects in photoaged skin and to evaluate whether their combination enhances extracellular matrix remodeling, immunomodulation, angiogenesis, and metabolic adaptation. 介绍: Photoaging combines collagen loss with chronic low-grade inflammation, impaired vascular support, and metabolic dysfunction. PLLA primarily provides structural biostimulation, whereas extracellular vesicles may reprogram the inflammatory microenvironment. Their combined tissue-level effects remain insufficiently characterized. 材料 / 方法: Male Wistar rats with methoxsalen/UVA-induced photoaging were assigned to four groups (n=8 each): saline control, PLLA, hybrid EV formulation, or combination treatment. Histology, immunohistochemistry for collagen I/III, CD163, CCR7, Ki67, mTOR, ADIPOR, MRC2, and VEGFR, digital morphometry, and correlation analysis were performed. 结果: Combination therapy produced the highest collagen I staining area (73.5%; p<0.001 vs control) and the strongest ADIPOR, MRC2, and VEGFR responses. PLLA monotherapy most strongly increased collagen III (75.2%; p=0.001) and proliferative activity. The hybrid EV formulation showed the clearest immunomodulatory profile, with increased CD163 and reduced CCR7 and mTOR expression. Correlation analysis supported complementary mechanisms. 总结: PLLA and the hybrid EV formulation acted through complementary biological mechanisms. Their combination produced the broadest coordinated regenerative profile, integrating matrix restoration, immunomodulation, angiogenesis, and metabolic adaptation rather than maximizing every isolated marker.