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Objectives: When interacting with physicians and hospitals pharmaceutical and medical devices companies need to comply with anti-corruption laws and transparency rules.

Introduction: Most countries provide for anti-corruption laws as well as transparency rules. These rules do also apply to the interaction between private practitioners and hospital physicians in most countries.

Materials / method: Based on the European legal provisions this lecture provides for an overview on the existing anti-corruption and transparency provisions.

Results: Industry companies should consider anti-corruption law provisions and transparency rules when interacting with physicians.

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Objectives: Explain what can be the role of each doctor to debunk misinformation.

Introduction: Fake news is a type of propaganda that consists of deliberate disinformation or hoaxes spread via traditional print and broadcast news media or online social media. Although Fake news makes headlines today, it is actually nothing new and has been present for centuries.

Materials / method: PubMed, web and social media searches using key words specific to the topic of this lecture.

Results: Fake news has received fresh political attention since the last US presidential election, but all domains are subject to it. Healthcare is far from exempt and the situation today has even been referred to as “The Fake News Epidemic in Health”. On one hand it’s never been easier to get health information; on the other it’s never been so misleading. In this lecture, after reviewing the current threats and contributing factors, we will discuss countermeasures.

Conclusion: Doctors have decades of experience fighting Fake news. Doctors’ engagement is needed (see lecture 77867). Evidence-based medicine and the Peer Review process are tools that help to debunk misinformation, but nowadays evidence alone is not enough. Efforts need to be part of a holistic movement.

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