Objectives: Optimal skincare regimens should take into consideration the circadian biology of skin cells. Designing products targeted towards the specific needs of skin at an ideal time during peak activity should provide enhanced skin health as it would mimic natural circadian processes. A day product targeted towards environmental protection and night product targeted towards repair and regeneration provides better outcome on prevention and regeneration.

Introduction: Optimal skincare regimens should take into consideration the circadian biology of skin cells. During the day, our skin is exposed to a wide range of environmental aggressors that are known to accelerate extrinsic aging of the skin. At nighttime, biological processes responsible for repair of damage and detoxification are activated. Using products targeted towards the specific needs of skin at an ideal time during peak activity should provide enhanced skin health as it would mimic natural circadian processes.

Materials / method: Multiple in-vitro, ex-vivo and clinical studies were conducted to assess protective and reparative effects of a day and night product regimen. Two randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical usage study were conducted to assess the efficacy and tolerability of the combined two-part skincare system in 150 subjects who were outdoor workers during a period of very high air pollution in New Delhi, India and Beijing China.

Results: The results show: 1) Inhibition of DNA damage; 2) Significant reductions in quantity of oxidative stress biomarkers; 3) Protection against elastic fiber degradation. Activity of the night time product shows: 1) Stimulation of endogenous antioxidants ; 2) Improved mitochondrial function. After 8 to 12 weeks of use, the skincare system provided significant improvements in clinical efficacy parameters including skin wrinkles, elasticity, skin smoothness, visible redness and skin brightness. Histological analyses of biopsy samples show improvements in skin structure and function.

Conclusion: Together, the clinical and pre-clinical data demonstrate that rationally designed skincare that match skin’s temporal needs may provide a significant skin health benefit.

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请注明名称（个人，公司，学会等等）: Allergan Plc

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Objectives: Overlook of main pollutants involved in skin damage
Mechanism of action of pollution with specific focus on ozone
Mediators of pollutants affect skin physiology and aging

Introduction: Living organisms are continuously exposed to environmental pollutants. Depending on their state, pollutants can be taken up by ingestion, inhalation or contact with the skin. Because the skin is an interface between the body and the environment and it is chronically exposed to several forms of stress such as ultraviolet (UV) irradiation and other environmental oxidants such as cigarette smoke, particulate matters (PM) and ozone (O3).

Results: Ozone represents one of the major oxidants in photochemical smog, levels being highest in heavily polluted areas where exposure to UV is also high. In the last decade many studies have shown the toxic effect of ozone on skin.
Tropospheric (ground level) ozone (O3) is a secondary pollutant, emerging from other pollutants in the sunshine. Exposure to O3 correlates with higher pulmonary and cardiovascular mortality, and affects reproductive health and central nervous system acutely and chronically.

Conclusion: Skin is one of the main target organ of ambient O3, as the experimental evidence suggests a positive correlation of O3 exposure with oxidative damage, impaired antioxidant defense and pro-inflammatory response in the skin.
Time-series studies observed that acute rises in O3 levels correlated with seeking for medical help for skin conditions. As concentrations of O3 are rising in many regions of the world, adverse cutaneous effects of O3 present a relevant public health concern.

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请注明名称（个人，公司，学会等等）: SkinCeuticals

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请注明名称（个人，公司，学会等等）: Laboratoires Dermatologiques d Uriage

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请注明名称（个人，公司，学会等等）: honoraria

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请注明名称（个人，公司，学会等等）: honoraria

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