Objectives: To describe different injection techniques for botulinum toxins

Introduction: Does the injection technique matters - e.g. for a better efficacy and/or an increased / decreased risk of adverse reactions for ?

Materials / method: Entirely emminence based!

Results: When it comes to injection techniques novices might be a bit confused by the different injection points and injection techniques for the botulinum A toxins. Does it matters? To be honest not really. When it comes to efficacy what matters is the dosage and the anatomical layout of the targeted muscle. The same can be said for safety. Overdosing a muscle or choosing not appropriate injection points might lead to unwanted aesthetic effects. What matters is injection pain. Injection pain can be decreased by e.g. the usage of very fine needles (32 or 33 Gauge).

Conclusion: Injection techniques matter and do not matter. What matters for efficacy and safety is the dosage and the distribution of the injection points. Besides efficacy and safety injection pain matters. Preserved saline for dilution, smaller needles and a subdermal injection depth will add to less pain and by this to greater patient satisfaction.

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利益冲突声明

您有否接受任何资金来支持研究这个主题？
否

您是否接受过关于这项研究的任何酬金或其他报酬？
否

你是否和任何与您的研究所涉及的药物，材料或工具有密切联系的实体存在财务关系？
否

你是否拥有或者您已经为您此研究中的工具，药物或材料申请任何专利？
否

这项工作没有任何直接或间接的资金支持。由作者自己承担责任。