Objectives: The aim of this lecture is to review the main trichoscopic features of androgenetic alopecia and alopecia areata.

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Objectives: During the lecture we will review the latest developments in:
a) Androgenetic alopecia: we will discuss the use of oral minoxidil (0.5-1 mg daily in females, 2.5-5 mg daily in males), oral dutasteride for male androgenetic alopecia, oral bicalutamide for female androgenetic alopecia, topical clascoterone and some news about the stem cell therapy.

Introduction: b) Alopecia areata: we will talk about the JAK inhibitors and other new molecules, as well as the potential relevance of the gut microbiome in patients with extensive alopecia areata and how its modulation may represent another new therapeutic strategy.
c) Chemotherapy-induced alopecia: we will review the latest articles about the effectiveness and safety of the scalp cooling devices in the prevention of the chemotherapy-induced anagen effluvium.

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Objectives: The Objective of this paper is to make doctors understand, the importance of limitation of donor area in case of hair restoration.
This is especially true in case of FUE. These days the commonest problem that we are facing as complications is over harvest of donor area.

Introduction: Donor area has to be define and assessed for safe donor zone. Maximum grafts to be harvest from that zone. there are certain defined marking for donor area. These days with the emphasis on giga session. The commonest mistake that happens is over harvest both in terms of FUE and Strip. we will discuss the salient features that actually helps in donor density and the minimum coverage factor.

Materials / method: Number of grafts per sq cm
Number of hair per graft
Caliber of Hair shaft
Character of hair &
Colour difference between skin and hair also plays a role in assessment of donor area.
The mobility or gliding capacity is also important factor that needs to be evaluated for maximum harvest of donor area

Conclusion: In conclusion, there is a mismatch of donor area and recipient area. In order to give a good optical density. One has to understand how to maximise the donor harvest without compromising the density of donor area.
The correction of donor over harvest is usually a very challenging issue.

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