Objectives: The objective is to establish the frequency and repetition of adverse effects, complications, inherent to the product, to the tissue reaction or to the technique and to establish which complications are avoidable. The results conclude that most of the complications are due to defects of the technique used and, therefore, are in most cases, avoidable.
Introduction: Polydioxanone sutures, known as PDO threads, have been used for 7 years, in Aesthetic Medicine to improve skin quality as well as non-surgical facelift. The first sutures used were smooth and sutures with spicules, screw, needle/cannula guide, special nose or dark circles were incorporated. Several studies have been published about the safety and effectiveness of the application. This study collects cases that have reported complications over the years, from the author herself, as well as reports from other clinics, or other countries that have shared their cases with the author.
Materials / method: It is a retrospective descriptive study performed on 100 cases. The information processed are cases reported by the author and other colleagues i that describe complications after the use of PDO threads. The cases whose information was incomplete were discarded. The inclusion criteria were description of the material used, description of the technique, if there were associated treatments, relevant patient data, and the resolution.
Results: 20% related smooth threads, the most frequent thread visibility, thread in the oral cavity and the migration of the thread.
The 80% reported spiculated threads, the most frequent a superficial point where the thread was touched and, in most cases, the need was abcesified. Retraction, skin pucker. Only in one case in one case nasal infection.
The resolution of the problem was spontaneous in half of of the cases and the extraction of the thread in the rest was appreciated. The treatments applied were enzymatic, orally and topic, corticosteroids and antibiotics.
Conclusion: In all cases happened an inadequate insertion into the skin layer. The visibility of the thread, retraction, migration and abcesification were associated with a very superficial application, in the epidermis or superficial dermis.
The insertion layer of PDO threads is hypodermis.
The evolution went to the resolution within 15-30 days but exceeded in a case in which the thread was not removed after retraction and took three months.
In conclusion, all complications would have been avoidable if an appropriate technique had been used, so training in the use of PDO threads is essential.
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