Objectives: We look into the multiple technologies and treatments available in the market and looking into the new definition of Regenerative Aesthetics

Objectives: the following two trendy topics in the field of biostimulators
(1) the debate of inflammatory vs. non-inflammatory biostimulators (PLLA-SCA vs. CaHA-R)
(2) the factors that affect in vitro studies of PLA and fibroblasts, based on review and comparison of several published studies

Introduction: (1) there's been a debate on the mechanism of how biostimulators induces neocollagenesis, with publication indicating that CaHA-R being non-inflammatory and PLLA-SCA being inflammatory, and vice versa. We all agree that too much inflammation is bad, but how do we decide how much is too much?
(2) Many factors affect the efficacy of collagen stimulation of in vitro fibroblast culture with PLA, including PLA size/shape/concentration, culture duration, presence of macrophages, senescence of fibroblasts/macrophages. Physicians have to be aware of these factors when interpreting these studies.

Materials / method: Review of literature and comparison/analysis

Results: (1) There's no definite answer yet as to which biostimulator is more inflammatory, and how much inflammation is too much. The answer probably also depends on the frequency, dosage, and host factors.
(2) Small-particle PLA (diameter < 1 um) may also induce transient neocollagensis with the presence of macrophages.
(3) It takes time for large-particle PLA (eg,. PLLA-SCA) to affect fibroblasts an cause collagen stimulation
(4) senescnet fibroblasts react differently with young fibroblasdts in in-vitro studies

Conclusion: More and more biostimulators enter the market, and physicians should be familiar with mechanisms of different products

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这项工作没有任何直接或间接的资金支持。由作者自己承担责任。

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the interest and efficacy of combining nanofat grafting with hybrid cooperative complexes of high and low molecular weight hyaluronans, energy-based devices, and exosomes.

Objectives: to learn the differences of several collagen-stimuating agents current available on the market, to learn the key injection techniques for different products and to the avoid the complications due to technical errors.

Objectives: Stretch marks on the abdomen were treated using a needle-less syringe. The effect was very good, and it was faster, more accurate, and more effective than manual injection.

Objectives: We herein propose to use a combination of mechanically isolated adipose-derived progenitor cells with various scaffolds plus functionalization to engineer dermal tissue.

Introduction: The restoration of dermis after injury remains a challenge in today’s medicine. Beyond complex flap reconstruction, the field of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering is eager to identify less invasive pathways to resolve this issue, foremost by protecting the dermis, e.g. by enzymatic debridement, and creating a well-vascularized dermal layer. Autologous cell transplantation only has shown mixed results and many clinicians and researchers see scaffolds as a necessary carrier to unleash the full regenerative capacity of cells. Also, functionalization of constructs may further boost tiss

Materials / method: Human SVF cells isolated by enzymes or mechanical protocols were cultured on alginate and gelatine-based hydrogels and commercially available dermal substitutes for up to 14 days under standard cell culture conditions. The constructs were characterized histologically for cellular ingrowth and vessel-like formation and protein expression. Protein expression in the supernatant was analyzed for total protein concentration and specific growth factors. Finally, functionalization was performed by adding a recombinant regenerative protein named macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF)-2.

Results: Both alginate and gelatine-based hydrogels permitted long term survival of SVF cells in vitro. When cultured with commercially available dermal substitutes, mechanically isolated SVF cells showed limited penetration with no visible vessel-like structure formation. Total protein concentration and VEGF release was high in biologic dermal substitutes. Finally, long-term release of MIF-2 protein required on-top encapsulation in synthetic particles.

Conclusion: The cultivation of SVF cells in hydrogels shows promising results. In stiff commercial dermal substitutes, by contrast, advanced strategies to increase the ingrowth of cells may be necessary. Also, functionalization by recombinant proteins is possible but demands finely-tuned, protein-specific release carriers.

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请注明名称（个人，公司，学会等等）: German Research Foundation (DFG), Novartis Foundation for Medical-Biological Research

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这项工作的完成感谢以下机构的支持： German Research Foundation (DFG), Novartis Foundation for Medical-Biological Research