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Objectives: Participants understand the basics of a Safety Management System (SMS) and are able apply them to their own activity.
Furthermore, they are familiar with other new concepts of patient safety, particularly Safety II.

Introduction: Traditionally, safety concepts look at was goes wrong or could go wrong in order to learn lessons for avoiding errors and incidents. However, it may be just as worthwhile to look at what goes right and learn from what works.
Also, Safety Management Systems (SMS), well known in industry, and especially aviation are tools with a systematic approach to managing safety, including the necessary organizational structures, accountabilities, policies and procedures.

Materials / method: According to Hollnagel, the key message of his concept of Safety II is to look at what goes right as well as what goes wrong, and learn from what works as well as from what fails.
The major differences between Safety I and Safety II as well as their importance for patient safety in plastic surgery and aesthetic medicine will be discussed.

Basic principles of a SMS will be outlined in order to give participants the tools necessary to enhance the safety of their daily practice, regarding policy, organizing, planning and implementation, evaluation, action for improvement

Results: N/A

Conclusion: Traditional concepts of patient safety need to be expanded with new ideas such as looking for what goes well as much as what goes wrong and will benefit from the introduction of a Safety Management System.

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Objectives: Foreign body injection for breast augmentation causes early and late complications. Author presents two cases of complications after breast foreign body injection.

Introduction: Majority of breast foreign body injections are not performed by certified plastic surgeons. However, patients who suffer from early and late complications usually seek medical treatment from breast or plastic surgeons.

Materials / method: Author collected a series of 150 cases of early and late complications from Thailand from 2013-2019. Two cases of complications after breast foreign body injection will be presented during the discussion.

Results: Breast foreign body injection can lead to severe and recurrent inflammation, not only to the breast area but regional lymph nodes, chest abdominal wall and pelvis areas down to perineum can be involved.

Conclusion: Breast foreign body injection should be condemned and its complication can lead to chronic and acute recurrent inflammation. Breast sepsis has been reported and some cases may need radical mastectomies.

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