Objectives: Doctors will learn the use of two combinable techniques for the treatment of advanced cellulite in which until now we had prolonged and ineffective protocols: substitution with a duckbill cannula and joint administration with polylactic acid in the buttocks will give effective results in a single session

Introduction: Cellulite is a condition that affects the self-esteem of many women, but each day there is less adherence to conventional medical treatments because they are prolonged, have low results, and where advanced degrees are excluded.This triggered a hybrid of treatments that ensure effectiveness, short duration (1 session) and that patients with advanced degrees of cellulite can have the option of being treated with very satisfactory results.

Materials / method: We combine two treatments: subsition and the application of polylactic acid.
After the strategic marking of each patient's position, tumescent anesthesia of both buttocks is performed with a 40/10 sc ratio. physiological and lidocaine with 2% epinephrine. The entrance door is made with a NOKKOR needle and I use a duckbill cannula to dissect the fibrous septa.
Then the polylactic acid is administered with a 22G cannula in retroinjection technique in the subcutaneous cellular plane 8cc per gluteus. next step massage and compression bandage for 48-72 hours.

Results: The results in a single session are excellent. The grade of cellulite was reduced by 2 points, going from grade 3 to grade 1, which was maintained in the long term. The quality of the skin was improved, smoother, more homogeneous and without any fibrous retractions or retractions that completely disappeared.
Therefore, this combination of treatments is more than satisfactory, prioritizing results in the short term invested and durability over time.

Conclusion: The combination of performing subsection with a duckbill cannula and the joint administration of polylactic acid is the perfect hybrid when it comes to treating advanced degrees of cellulite with effective and long-lasting results.

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Objectives: Our goal has been to identify the cause of the complications after aesthetic procedures to prevent future complications.

Introduction: Invasive facial treatments are the most frequent treatments performed in aesthetic clinics and hospitals around
the world. In the hands of specialists who know the techniques, products and facial anatomy are safe but many
times complications such as neuropathic pain that should be avoided arise. treated and controlled for the sake of
good medical practice.

Materials / method: We studied 216 patients (six years, 2018-2024) who suffered complications of neuropathic facial pain after the
administration of facial injectables such as face threads, hyaluronic acid, filler, botox, etc . Our goal has been to
identify thecause of these complications to prevent future complications.

Results: Study carried out in our Research Center by an interdisciplinary team including neurophysiologists
to determine the magnitude of the degree of neural involvement. We identified that 78% of the patients who
suffered neuropathic pain did not know the anatomical and scientific training of the professionals who performed
the procedures and 65% were not informed of these possible complications or how they should be treated.

Conclusion: Neuropathic painful complications are frequent after an aesthetic procedure.
In this work we guide on the way in which we must diagnose it and the
different types of treatments once they occur.

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Objectives: Ellanse is a polycaprolactone based collagen stimulator that has an aesthetic longevity of 24 months. This article has proposed a classification system that classifies forehead pattern (Type I +T to Type V + T) that facilitates patient counselling and predicts patient satisfaction rates.
It also details the technique of performing regional nerve block and injecting Ellanse collagen stimulator on the supraperiosteal level. This was demonstrated with cadaveric dissection and actual injection of Ellanse M in a cadaveric laboratory in Chengdu China. (See Figure 1)
Fo

Introduction: Polycaprolactone filler is a versatile collagen stimulator that can be used for forehead, temporal rejuvenation and lateral browlift. Botulinum toxin can be used concurrently for treating horizontal forehead wrinkles.

Materials / method: Objective: A retrospective analysis of 86 patients who received a combination of Ellanse filler and Botox from 2016 to 2018 was conducted.
Materials and method: A modified system of classification of forehead patterns (Type I to Type V) +/- temporal augmentation (T) was designed to identify the group of patients that had the highest rate of satisfaction, and the group of patients that had the lowest.

Results: The overall patient satisfaction rate was 78% at the 2-year follow-up mark. The modified classification system identified the Type I + T, Type II + T and III+T subgroup of patients as having the highest satisfaction rate while the Type V+T subgroup had the highest dissatisfaction rate (2/8). 8 patients were lost to follow-up and the results were interpreted with intention-to-treat analysis. The average quantity of Ellanse used was 5.9 vials and patients were treated with both Ellanse and Botulinum toxin in the first session. 20% of patients reported post-procedural swelling and bruising

Conclusion: Ellanse is a versatile polycaprolactone based collagen stimulator for forehead, temporal augmentation and browlift. A simple forehead and temporal classification system is helpful in preprocedural counselling and predicting patient satisfaction.

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请注明名称（个人，公司，学会等等）: Trainer for Sinclair pharmaceuticals

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Objectives: The topic of my presentation is how to detect, recognize and treat accurately the asymmetries of the upper thirth superior of the face, related to the hypertonicity of mimic muscles.
I will present how to get images correctly by three-dimensional imaging, static and dynamic anatomy, showing my clinicaI cases.
The purpose is to led to a correct diagnosis of the muscle (s) affected by hypertonicity (elevator, depressors or both) and to apply a tailored treatment plan with botuline toxinA (Bont-A).

Introduction: Significant asymmetries in the upper third of the face can affect beauty, attractiveness and perceptions.
The analysis of the muscle of upper superior at rest and in dynamic is strongly recommended to plan proper point dose and full dose treatment with Bont-A.
Asymmetries of the upper thirth superior related to the hypertonicity of elevator, or medial and lateral depressors are very common. These asymmetries can manifest in various forms, such as brow height, brow shape and differences in eye size but can also can influence emotional perception and percevied harmony.

Materials / method: A clinical series since 2021, belonging to my personal activity, will be presented by 3D immages at rest, in dynamic before and after the treatment with Bont-A.
Each case will be representative of different altered muscle patterns involving elevator and depressors: a detailed and persolizated treatment plan will be presented. In particular the asimmetry of the brow will be analyzed in detail in each part (lateral, medial, whoole) as well as the orbicularis. The treatment plan and the results of tailored treatment will be showed.

Results: Asymmetries related to the hypertonicity of elevator muscle are often succesfully treated with Bont-A
Asymmetries of medial depressors are more difficult to solve than lateral depressor.

Conclusion: Assessment techniques as clinical examination, photographic analysis, 3 D imaging are necessary tools before the treatment with Bont-A.
Tailored treatment is compulsory in documented asymmetries of mimic muscles of the thirth superior of the face.

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Objectives: This presentation aims to highlight the importance of restoring volume in the temple area to achieve a natural and rejuvenated facial appearance.
Additionally, a deep understanding of the complex anatomy of this area is essential to ensure safe and effective results.

Introduction: Aging in the temporal region is an often overlooked yet critical factor in facial aging.
Bone resorption in the temples contributes significantly to the overall appearance of facial sagging and temporal hollowing, which disrupts the facial verticalization.

Materials / method: A comprehensive review of 20 patients aged 40-65 years was conducted, focusing on the restoration of temporal volume using dermal fillers. Two main techniques were employed: deep supraperiosteal injections to address bone resorption and superficial subcutaneous injections for soft tissue restoration. Products used included hyaluronic acid-based fillers, injected in a multilayered approach to achieve harmonious results. All patients were followed up for 12 months post-procedure

Results: Patients showed significant improvement in facial verticalization and overall rejuvenation after temporal restoration. In 90% of cases, the results were long-lasting, maintaining volume for up to 12 months with minimal touch-ups. Furthermore, volumizing the temples led to a ripple effect, improving the contours of adjacent areas such as the brows, zygomatic arch, and lateral cheeks. No significant adverse events were reported.

Conclusion: Restoration of the temporal area is crucial for a natural-looking, verticalized face. The use of dermal fillers to compensate for bone and soft tissue loss in this region not only enhances facial harmony but also provides long-lasting results. Detailed knowledge of the anatomy is essential to avoid complications and achieve optimal outcomes. This technique has proven to have a significant positive impact on the overall facial aesthetics, making it a valuable tool in facial rejuvenation strategies.

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Objectives: The objectives of this article are to pioneer a paradigm shift in aesthetic medicine through the innovative application of regenerative techniques that prioritize the preservation and enhancement of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and the use of myomodulation as a proactive strategy against aging. By introducing the HydroTox Mesoblend method, this study demonstrates a cutting-edge approach that marries ECM support with muscle relaxation to deliver natural, long-lasting results, setting new standards in skin health preservation. This groundbreaking technique opens avenues for broader application

Introduction: The quest for a youthful neck has evolved beyond traditional volume enhancements to address deeper aging mechanisms. Regenerative aesthetics now focus on skin quality and structural revitalization. This study introduces HydroTox Mesoblend, a novel technique combining CPM-HA20G and incobotulinum toxin. By hydrating the extracellular matrix with hyaluronic acid and improving myomodulation, this dual-action approach smooths and rejuvenates the neck and lower third of the face. Evaluated for efficacy and safety in Mexican subjects, HydroTox Mesoblend sets a new standard in in preventive care.

Materials / method: This pilot study in Mexico evaluated the efficacy of a novel intradermal injection technique using a 30Gx4mm needle to deliver 1.5 ml of Hydrotox mesoblend into the neck and lower face. The mesoblend, combining CPM®-HA20G and 100 IU incobotulinum toxin, was applied in 0.05 ml per injection. Topical lidocaine was used for pain relief. Corneometry and US elastography assessed skin hydration and elasticity at 15 and 180 days. Outcomes were measured using the Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale with unexpected DAO muscle improvement observed thanks to myomodulation.

Results: Results showed significant improvements in skin hydration, elasticity, wrinkle reduction, neck lines, muscle strength, and overall aesthetic appearance, as reflected on the GAIS scale. Corneometry indicated increased hydration, while elastography revealed reduced tissue rigidity. A single treatment session had a cumulative effect, enhancing skin firmness by 180 days. No serious adverse events were reported. Patients rated pain at 3/10 on the VAS. Notably, there was significant improvement in the lower facial third, particularly in the DAO muscle.

Conclusion: This study demonstrates the clinical efficacy and safety of the HydroTox Mesoblend technique, combining CPM®-HA20G with incobotulinum toxin, with no adverse skin reactions. The hyaluronic acid formulation showed prolonged action and improved tissue integration. The focus was on skin revitalization and myomodulation, with potential broader applications such as the décolletage and fine lines. Driven by regenerative medicine principles, the technique supports skin health through minimally invasive procedures. Future studies are needed to further evaluate safety, effectiveness, and duration.

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Objectives: This study investigates the application of Poly-D,L-Lactic Acid (PDLLA) as a biostimulatory agent for skin rejuvenation in menopausal women, aiming to address age-related dermatological concerns effectively. Additionally, the study included a comparison to alternative methods like HA fillers and threads in the same patients to evaluate the relative efficacy of PDLLA.

Introduction: Menopause heralds a significant shift in a woman's life, accompanied by physiological changes that prominently affect skin health. The decline in estrogen levels leads to reduced collagen production, increased skin laxity, and the appearance of wrinkles, profoundly impacting quality of life and self-perception. PDLLA, a biodegradable polymer known for its collagen-stimulating properties, has emerged as a promising solution in aesthetic medicine.

Materials / method: This research delves into the mechanism of action, clinical efficacy, and safety profile of PDLLA in treating menopausal skin. A comprehensive analysis of clinical trials and patient case studies was conducted to examine the long-term benefits of PDLLA injections in enhancing dermal volume, elasticity, and overall skin texture. The study included a comparison to alternative methods such as hyaluronic acid (HA) fillers and thread lifts, applied to the same patients, to provide a direct evaluation of PDLLA's performance relative to these established treatments.

Results: Our findings indicate that PDLLA significantly stimulates collagen neogenesis, leading to noticeable improvements in skin firmness, reduction in wrinkle depth, and enhanced hydration. Additionally, PDLLA injections have been shown to correct bone loss, a common issue in post-menopausal women, thereby contributing to a more youthful facial structure. Patients also reported a marked decrease in skin irritation and overall improved skin quality. In comparison to HA fillers and threads, PDLLA demonstrated superior long-term results in collagen stimulation and skin rejuvenation.

Conclusion: The progressive nature of PDLLA's action offers sustained and natural-looking rejuvenation, which is particularly beneficial for the delicate and aging skin of menopausal women. Furthermore, the biocompatibility and minimal side effect profile of PDLLA make it a superior alternative to traditional dermal fillers and invasive surgical procedures. The comparative analysis with HA fillers and threads highlights PDLLA's advantages in achieving more durable and effective skin rejuvenation.

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Objectives: To ilustrate the usefulness of high resolution ultrasound in evaluating patients with surgical and non-surgical rhinoplasty.

Introduction: Assessment of patients with prior nose procedures can be challenging. With the usual lack of accurate information, choosing the best approach can be a difficult decision for both surgical and non surgical patients. High frequency ultrasound is a novel point of care tool that reveals crucial information about nose tissues, leading to an informed treatment path.

Materials / method: Interesting case findings were collected from patients referred from different specialties for ultrasound evaluation prior to surgical or non surgical approach. Patients were evaluated using high resolution ultrasound equipment and technique and given a radiologic report to continue with their professional evaluation.

Results: Ultrasound images obtained from these patients showed important findings, from prior filler deposits and cartilage grafts, to tissue layers health status, that helped clinicians to choose the best approach for them.

Conclusion: High resolution ultrasound is a convenient tool to obtain important information about previous nose procedures. Its findings can help to choose between different approaches or even completely change medical conduct.

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Objectives: 1. Provide attendees with a comprehensive understanding of definition, history of the development and importance of mimics and micromimics
2. Explore the anatomical intricacies of the SMAS and muscles of the lower third to enhance participants' knowledge of facial anatomy relevant to injection techniques
3. Introduce modern techniques for lower third injections with HA fillers, emphasizing precision and safety in achieving optimal aesthetic outcomes
4. Offer practical insights and guidance to attendees on how to administer injections, choose the product according to rheological properties

Introduction: Mimics and micromimics refer to the subtle movements and expressions of the face that contribute to its natural appearance. By comprehending these nuances, you'll be able to tailor the injection techniques to preserve facial dynamics, ensuring that treatments result in natural-looking outcomes. Besides general rules, each patient has unique facial features and expressions. Understanding the interactions between muscles will allow you to customize your injection approach based on the patient's specific anatomy and aesthetic goals, resulting in more precise and personalized treatments.

Materials / method: Materials include visual aids that demonstrate the anatomy of facial muscles; specific features of mimetic muscles, and how they differ from sceletal muscles, explain their functions, interactions, and how they influence facial expressions and aging. Present up-to-date information about 2 types of SMAS on the face and how it is applicable to choice of product and injection techniques. Methods include presentation of high-quality videos of injection techniques that are not biased by filler brand, and case studies with before-and-after images to demonstrate the application of filler injections.

Results: The results of the case studies will encompass several key outcomes:
-Increased understanding of anatomical structures involved in facial expressions;
-Enhanced skills and techniques, knowing importance of precision, depth of injection, and customization based on individual patient anatomy and aesthetic goals;
-Improved patient outcomes; practitioners will learn to meet the expectations of patients and achieve high levels of patient satisfaction;
-Safety and Risk Mitigation, ensuring a higher standard of care for patients;
- A sense of professional growth and collaboration among attendees.

Conclusion: Besides talking about muscular and connective tissue of the face, from the resilient SMAS to the delicate muscles of the lower third and explaining how they shape our patients' expressions and evolve over time, I will describe the importance of bony structures. The point is, that mimetic muscles have one point of attachment to the bone and another one - to the skin, so it is equally important to take care of the bone tissue and to prevent its aging. As a conclusion, I will give tips on how to prevent and slow down the process osteopenia to improve patient outcomes in long-term perspective

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Objectives: 1: Define temporal hollowing and assess the severity.
2: Describe and compare different treatment techniques for injecting the temporal fossa, using poly-L-lactic acid.
3: Evaluate clinical endpoints up to week 38 post-injection.

Introduction: Poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) can be used to improve the aesthetics of the temporal fossa but is usually only deposited within the visible area of the temporal hollows. However, it remains possible that extending the treatment area posterior to the hairline may provide a greater lifting effect. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of two techniques (i.e., traditional versus extended) of injecting PLLA for aesthetic improvement of the temporal fossae.

Materials / method: A prospective, randomized-controlled clinical trial was conducted. Twenty-four subjects with bilateral temporal hollowing were randomized in a 1-to-1 ratio to either the traditional or extended technique. Subjects received three treatments (Baseline, Week 7, Week 14) and were observed at follow-up visits at Weeks 20, 26 and 38. Assessments included the Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS), a four-point photo-numeric Temple Volume Deficit Scale (TVDS), quantification of lifting and volumizing effects, patient satisfaction, and adverse events.

Results: A greater lifting effect was observed with participants treated with the extended technique, compared to those treated with the traditional technique (p < 0.001). Furthermore, greater treatment effects were evidenced by a greater mean decrease in TVDS scores with the extended technique compared to the traditional technique. Regardless of injection technique, at week 26, 91.30% (21/23) of subjects at least improved on the GAIS, and there was a low frequency of adverse events.

Conclusion: PLLA is a safe and effective treatment for improving the aesthetic appearance of the temporal fossae. Aesthetic improvement can be maximized using an extended injection technique.

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Objectives: The aim of this study is to present various lip filler techniques tailored to the anatomical characteristics of different ethnic and age groups. The ideal lip ratio, shape, and protrusion vary among patients in different categories. This study also aims to investigate common trends in terms of ratio, shape, and protrusion among females of different age and ethnic groups. The challenge for injectors is to perform the appropriate technique according to the age, anatomy, and patient’s preferences to meet their expectations while ensuring a natural result for every individual.

Introduction: The lips, with their central position on the face, are of utmost aesthetic, functional, and sensual importance. They are essential components of facial symmetry and aesthetics. Fuller lips are often associated with female attractiveness. The ideal lip ratio, as described in ancient times, is 1:1.6, with the protrusion of the upper lip being 60% greater than the lower lip. The perception of anatomically ideal lips has changed significantly over the years, and injectors should be aware of new trends and desirable results.

Materials / method: Fifty-one female patients were enrolled in the study, comprising 15 Caucasians, 14 African Americans, 13 Asians, and 9 Hispanics, aged 19 to 59 years. They were asked about their desired outcomes to be achieved in one session. An FDA-approved cross-linked lip filler (20mg/ml HA) was used in a single session, followed by a touch-up session 15 days later. The average amount of filler used was 0.9 ml in Caucasians, 1.4 ml in Afrο-Americans, 1 ml in Asians, and 1.1 ml in Hispanics. Digital photos and measurements of lip height and protrusion were taken before treatment and on days 15 and 30 after

Results: The desired lip ratio in Caucasians was 1:1.3, in African Americans 1:1, and in both Hispanics and Asians 1:1.25. Lip heights and protrusion were lower in Caucasians. Across all groups, younger patients (19-35 years) had a higher lip ratio (1:1), while older patients (36-59 years) had a lower lip ratio (1:4). Caucasians preferred the linear threading technique, African Americans preferred the pole-tenting technique, while Asian and Hispanic groups used both techniques. Younger patients requested newer trends such as Russian and Cherry lips, while older patients sought more natural results usin

Conclusion: A skilled injector should consider the patient’s desires along with the anatomy and ethnic background of each individual. Achieving good filler results requires a combination of scientific knowledge, artistic skill, and an understanding of how to enhance the individual’s features for a holistic and natural-looking outcome.

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Objectives: To compare the effectiveness and safety of Evolysse/Estyme Smooth and Form (Symatese, Chaponost, France) to Restylane-L® (Galderma, Lausanne, Switzerland) for the treatment of nasolabial folds (NLFs). They study was conducted at 6 centers in the United States.

Introduction: Dermal fillers have become the cornerstones of non-surgical procedures to correct cutaneous alterations linked to aging, with hyaluronic acid (HA)-based preparations being the most frequently used for the correction of wrinkles and folds.
Several features differentiate the various HA fillers, including type of crosslinking agent used, degree of crosslinking, and viscoelastic properties. Evolysse/Estyme Fillers are new HA dermal fillers based on an innovative cross-linking process.

Materials / method: The study was a prospective, split-face, randomized, double blind trial. 140 subjects with moderate-to-severe s NLFs were randomized to Evolysee/Estyme Smooth or Evolysee/Estyme Form on one side of the face and Restylane-L on the other side as a control and followed up for 12 months.
The primary endpoint was the change from baseline to 6 months using a validated NLF scale score, comparing the two investigational devices to the active control in a non-inferiority design. Secondary endpoints included change in the NLF scores at other time points and aesthetic improvement.

Results: The difference between Evolysse/Estyme Form and Restylane-L when comparing the degree of change at 6 months was -0.3 (95% CI -0.500, -0.032), with the upper bound of the 95% confidence interval well below the non-inferiority margin of 0.5, thus the primary endpoint of non-inferiority was met.

The results for Evolysse/Estyme Smooth were similar. At 6 months the difference between Evolysse/Estyme Smooth and Restylane – L was -0.2 (95% CI -0.416, -0.019). Given that the upper bound of the 95% confidence interval was well below the non-inferiority margin of 0.5, establishing non-inferiority.

Conclusion: In this FDA pivotal trial comparing two new HA based fillers, Evolysse/Estyme
Form and Smooth to the active control Restylane-L, the two investigational devices were found to meet the primary endpoint of non-inferiority.

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请注明名称（个人，公司，学会等等）: I'm the head of R&D at Evolus.

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请注明名称（个人，公司，学会等等）: Empolyed by Evolus

你是否拥有或者您已经为您此研究中的工具，药物或材料申请任何专利？
否

这项工作的完成感谢以下机构的支持： Symatese

Objectives: 1. Diagnose the main cause of loose of jawline
2. Plan the best treatment for the patient
3. Choose the correct fixation point for the treatment

Introduction: The jawline treatment is a regular query in the field of aesthetics. We face the dilemma of choosing between different treatments at different moments in our careers. We consider the tensor threads as the ideal treatment to redefine the jawline, being ambulatory, minimally invasive and with little downtime. In these cases, the threads allow us to reposition tissue without increasing the volume or weight of the jawline, providing long-lasting results.

Materials / method: Five jawline treatments are proposed with different kind of threats according to the patient’s needs. The anchorage points will be the following: zygomatic, orbitomalar, preauricular and auriculoplatismal ligaments, depending on the case. An adequate bio stimulation is necessary in all atrophic skin, due to the fact that the placement of threads in plane two requires an important quantity of anchorage fibers from the dermis to the subcutaneous cellular tissue for the correct traction of the threads.

Results: Twelve patients between 35 to 65 years of age with different degrees of facial ptosis were treated, obtaining a 60 to 90% decrease in the degree of ptosis and patient satisfaction, as well as a decrease in the degree of skin laxity, evaluated by pinch test. In addition, the composition of the threads provides an excellent bio stimulation with the secondary improvement of the skin due to the contribution of hyaluronic acid and polycaprolactone. The anti-inflammatory effect exerted by the hyaluronic acid helps to reduce downtime and generates an increase in hydration and luminosity of the skin.

Conclusion: We conclude that the treatment with suitable threads is one of the best non-surgical options for the treatment of jawline, being this a safe, minimally invasive method, with low downtime, added to the benefits of the composition of the threads, which provides a significant improvement in the quality of the skin with long-lasting results.

利益冲突声明

您有否接受任何资金来支持研究这个主题？
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您是否接受过关于这项研究的任何酬金或其他报酬？
否

你是否和任何与您的研究所涉及的药物，材料或工具有密切联系的实体存在财务关系？
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请注明名称（个人，公司，学会等等）: APTOS

你是否拥有或者您已经为您此研究中的工具，药物或材料申请任何专利？
否

这项工作没有任何直接或间接的资金支持。由作者自己承担责任。

Objectives: This study aims to assess the safety and management of potential complications of hyaluronic acid (HA) dermal filler applications in renal transplant (tx) patients. By comparing adverse event rates between 27 renal transplant recipients and 25 healthy controls who underwent HA filler injections, the research evaluates short-term complications such as headache, dysesthesia, and hypersensitivity reactions, as well as patient satisfaction, providing insights into the feasibility of aesthetic procedures for this patient group.

Introduction: In recent years, the demand for minimally invasive aesthetic procedures such as hyaluronic acid (HA) dermal filler applications has increased among solid organ tx patients, similar to the general population. The side effect profile of these procedures in this patient group is not well-documented, causing both patients and physicians to have reservations. There is a lack of high-quality evidence in the literature on this topic. This study aims to investigate the safety and potential complications of HA dermal fillers in kidney tx patients.

Materials / method: A total of 52 patients, including 27 renal tx patients and 25 healthy controls who applied to our cosmetic dermatology clinic for HA dermal filler injections, were included in this study. Each patient was administered 0.5 mL of cross-linked HA into the zygomatic arch region, resulting in a total bilateral volume of 1 mL. Patients were monitored for adverse events during the follow-ups in the first and sixth months.

Results: The control group had more aesthetic procedures (p=0.001), especially botulinum toxin (p<0.001). Four patients (three renal tx and one control) reported mild headaches in the first month (p=0.611). Two tx patients experienced dysesthesia starting one month post-injection, and lasting for another month. One tx patient had tenderness at the injection site after four months, which lasted for ten days. This tenderness was considered a hypersensitivity reaction and resolved within three days with NSAIDs. Neither group experienced any additional adverse events at the six-month follow-up.

Conclusion: Transplant patients can rarely experience short-term adverse events such as bleeding, headache, dysesthesia and hypersensitivity reactions, which are similar to those seen in the general population following filler injections. A six-month follow-up showed no significant difference in filler-related adverse events between transplant patients and healthy controls. Satisfaction rates were high and comparable in both groups. Our findings suggest that HA dermal filler injections may be safe for renal transplant patients.