Disclosures

Did you receive any funding to support your research for this TOPIC?
No

Were you provided with any honoraria, payment or other compensation for your work on this study?
No

Do you have any financial relationship with any entity which may closely compete with the medications, materials or instruments covered by your study?
No

Do you own or have you applied for any patents in conjunction with the instruments, medications or materials discussed in your study?
No

This work was not supported by any direct or non direct funding. It is under the author's own responsability

Objectives: This review proposes provides evidence for injection sites associated with the surface anatomy of the orbicularis oculi muscles to enhance the effectiveness of easing lateral canthal rhytids.

Introduction: Botulinum neurotoxin injections near the lateral canthal rhytids are commonly used in cosmetic settings; however, there is a lack of thorough anatomical knowledge, needing effective way to treat them with accumulating knowledge.

Materials / method: The anatomical characteristics concerning the injection of botulinum neurotoxin into the orbicularis oculi muscle were evaluated in this review. Current knowledge on the identification of the botu-linum neurotoxin injection points from recent anatomical research was assessed.

Results: The lateral canthal lines are involved with the orbicularis oculi muscle and nearby anatomical structures, and the injection points can be more precisely defined.

Conclusion: The best possible injection sites were provided, and the injection procedure was described.

Disclosures

Did you receive any funding to support your research for this TOPIC?
No

Were you provided with any honoraria, payment or other compensation for your work on this study?
No

Do you have any financial relationship with any entity which may closely compete with the medications, materials or instruments covered by your study?
No

Do you own or have you applied for any patents in conjunction with the instruments, medications or materials discussed in your study?
No

This work was not supported by any direct or non direct funding. It is under the author's own responsability

Objectives: Over the years, the treatment of neck wrinkles has been a challenge for aesthetic physicians. Conventional treatments used to treat facial wrinkles, such as the intramuscular injection of Botulinum Toxin type A (BTXA), have not shown satisfactory results when applied to treat neck wrinkles. Due to the different and complex nature of the cervical SMAS compared to the facial SMAS, chemo denervation achieved from the intramuscular injection of BTXA is not effective for the treatment of neck wrinkles. In this case study, intradermal injection of BTXA was explored as a method to treat neck wrinkles

Materials / method: A 34-year-old female with moderate neck wrinkles was selected for this case study. The three intradermal injection techniques, Pinch and Spread, Rotating Vector, and Rolling methods, were utilized to achieve the skin tightening desired. The results were compared before and immediately after the injections. Also, a long-term follow-up 2 years after the injections was conducted, to assess the duration
of the injections.

Results: Improvements in the neck wrinkles were documented immediately after the injections. Increased sharpness of the cervical shoulder line and the cervical mental line was recorded. Moreover, the tightening effect from the injections made the neck appear longer. During the long-term follow-up session 2 years after the injections, the neck wrinkles were still not as severe as before treatment, and
the overall neck shape acquired from the injections was preserved.

Conclusion: Due to the complex nature of cervical SMAS, the treatment of neck wrinkles has been a challenge for aesthetic physicians. In this case study, intradermal injection of BTXA was demonstrated as a viable method to treat neck wrinkles and shape via skin tightening. The duration of the results was also shown to last over 2 years.

Disclosures

Did you receive any funding to support your research for this TOPIC?
No

Were you provided with any honoraria, payment or other compensation for your work on this study?
No

Do you have any financial relationship with any entity which may closely compete with the medications, materials or instruments covered by your study?
No

Do you own or have you applied for any patents in conjunction with the instruments, medications or materials discussed in your study?
No

This work was not supported by any direct or non direct funding. It is under the author's own responsability

Disclosures

Did you receive any funding to support your research for this TOPIC?
No

Were you provided with any honoraria, payment or other compensation for your work on this study?
No

Do you have any financial relationship with any entity which may closely compete with the medications, materials or instruments covered by your study?
No

Do you own or have you applied for any patents in conjunction with the instruments, medications or materials discussed in your study?
No

This work was not supported by any direct or non direct funding. It is under the author's own responsability

Disclosures

Did you receive any funding to support your research for this TOPIC?
No

Were you provided with any honoraria, payment or other compensation for your work on this study?
No

Do you have any financial relationship with any entity which may closely compete with the medications, materials or instruments covered by your study?
No

Do you own or have you applied for any patents in conjunction with the instruments, medications or materials discussed in your study?
No

This work was not supported by any direct or non direct funding. It is under the author's own responsability

Disclosures

Did you receive any funding to support your research for this TOPIC?
Yes
Please specify entities (individual, company, society): merz

Were you provided with any honoraria, payment or other compensation for your work on this study?
Yes
Please specify entities (individual, company, society): merz

Do you have any financial relationship with any entity which may closely compete with the medications, materials or instruments covered by your study?
No

Do you own or have you applied for any patents in conjunction with the instruments, medications or materials discussed in your study?
No

This work was not supported by any direct or non direct funding. It is under the author's own responsability